Repeated Home-Applied Dual-Light Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy Can Reduce Plaque Burden, Inflammation, and aMMP-8 in Peri-Implant Disease-A Pilot Study.

Hanna Lähteenmäki,Taina Tervahartiala,Timo Sorsa,Ismo T Räisänen,Esko Kankuri,Tommi Pätilä

doi:10.3390/cimb44030085

Abstract

Until now, in clinical dentistry, antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been restricted to in-office treatments, which hampers repeated applications. This pilot study tested the benefit of a commercially available Lumoral® device designed for regular periodontal dual-light aPDT treatment at home. Seven patients with peri-implant disease applied dual-light aPDT daily in addition to their normal dental hygiene for four weeks. A single Lumoral® treatment includes an indocyanine green mouth rinse followed by 40 J/cm2 radiant exposure to a combination of 810 nm and 405 nm light. A point-of-care analysis of active-matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP-8), visible plaque index (VPI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and peri-implant pocket depth (PPD) measurements was performed on day 0, day 15, and day 30. Reductions in aMMP-8 (p = 0.047), VPI (p = 0.03), and BOP (p = 0.03) were observed, and PPD was measured as being 1 mm lower in the implant (p = ns). These results suggest a benefit of regular application of dual-light aPDT in peri-implantitis. Frequently repeated application can be a promising approach to diminishing the microbial burden and to lowering the tissue destructive proteolytic and inflammatory load around dental implants. Further studies in larger populations are warranted to show the long-term benefits.

Highlights

Dental implants have been used to replace lost teeth for decades [1]
Dental implant health is assessed similar to periodontal tissues around natural teeth: by measuring the peri-implant probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), suppuration, and radiographic findings [4,5]
We evaluated the aMMP-8 levels four days after repeated antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) administration

Summary

Introduction

Dental implants have been used to replace lost teeth for decades [1]. Dental implants’durability is excellent, and their success rate is high. Dental implants have been used to replace lost teeth for decades [1]. Durability is excellent, and their success rate is high. Inflammation at the peri-implant tissues is frequent [2,3]. Dental implant health is assessed similar to periodontal tissues around natural teeth: by measuring the peri-implant probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), suppuration, and radiographic findings [4,5]. The primary etiologic reason for the progression of bone destruction and the inflammation of peri-implant tissue is the accumulation of oral biofilm. Peri-implant disease results from bacterial infection and develops due to the host immune response to an overwhelming bacterial insult. The elimination of bacterial biofilm from the implant surface is the primary objective when treating peri-implant disease [6,7]

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Findings

Discussion

Conclusion