Repairing of peri-implant bone defects with dental pulp stem cells

Abstract

Objective To establish an animal experimental model of immediately peri-implant bone defects in rabbit mandibular anterior teeth, and to investigate the osteogenetic capability of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on bone defects around implant. Methods Eight rabbits were involved, whose bilateral mandibular anterior teeth were removed to form the bone defects with 2 mm × 3 mm area on the buccal side of tooth extraction sockets, and then the implants were implanted immediately. The rabbits were divided into two groups. The implants were Bio-oss with DPSCs and Bio-oss with phosphate buffer saline respectively for the experimental group and the control group. The bone regeneration in the defect region was evaluated by general observation, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Goldner trichrome staining and scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 4 weeks after implantation. Results The implantations were successfully conducted, and the implants were stable. There was no significant difference between the implants. The results of the HE staining and the trichrome staining showed that in the experimental group, new bone tissue and partial woven bone formed, and the properties of the newly formed bone cells were large, abundant, well differentiation, and arranging in woven pattern. While in the control group, the new bone-like tissue formation was less, and the mature cell differentiation was ordinary. The SEM results showed that there was a higher osteointegration between the new bone and the implant in the experimental group comparing with the control group. Conclusions The capability of Bio-oss with DPSCs is relatively superior to single Bio-oss in osteogenesis and osseointegration. Key words: Key words: Dental pulp stem cells; Bone defect; Immediately implant; Repair