Abstract
Thermal injury is a lesion caused by thermal agents. With deep and large burns, the course of this type of injury becomes a general disease of the whole organism with the involvement of vital organs. The skin is the first to perceive the action of this exogenous factor, and secondarily there are changes in all body systems, in particular in the cerebellum. The aim of our study was to establish micro- and submicroscopic changes in the structural components of the cerebellar cortex one day after the experimental thermal injury. Simulation of experimental thermal injury was performed on white laboratory male rats. Grade III burns were applied under thiopental-sodium anesthesia with copper plates heated in boiled water to a temperature of 97-100°C. The size of the affected area was 18-20 % of the epilated body surface of rats. The cerebellum was collected after one day, further processing of the material for micro- and submicroscopic examination was performed according to accepted methods. Histological specimens were stained with methylene blue, and for electron microscopy the obtained ultrathin sections were contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate according to the Reynolds method. At the micro- and submicroscopic levels, it was found that 1 day after the experimental thermal injury, reactive changes are observed in neurons, microcirculatory tract and glial cells. Thus, one day after the thermal trauma of the skin, the experimental animals showed the initial violations of the blood-brain barrier of the cerebellar cortex, which are adaptive-compensatory in nature. Initial, destructive, changes in neuro-glial-capillary relations, which occur primarily on their damage to the walls of hemocapillaries and are manifested by a violation of the micro- and ultrastructure of the main cells of the cerebellum – Purkinje, neurocytes of molecular and granular layers, neuroglyocytes, with peri-gliocyocytes were found.
Highlights
Thermal injury is a lesion caused by thermal agents
Microscopic studies revealed that on the first day after the experimental thermal injury there is a preservation of angioarchitectonics of the cerebellar cortex and high functional activity of neurons and glia cells (Fig. 1)
Stellar neurons, which lie in the upper third of the layer, have a light, rounded nucleus in the karyoplasm of which is dominated by euchromatin, but the boundaries of the perikaryon with the nucleus are not clearly contoured
Summary
Thermal injury is a lesion caused by thermal agents. With deep and significant burns, the course of this type of injury becomes a general disease of the whole organism with the involvement of vital organs [5, 18, 20]. There is a neuro-pain syndrome, and emergence in blood plasma of burn toxins, peptides of average molecular weight which provoke development of endogenous intoxication and cause disturbances of blood circulation and morphological reorganization of neuroendocrine bodies, in particular, a cerebellum which is a target under the influence of factors of different origin [4, 14] This organ of the central nervous system is a multifunctional component of the brain, which is responsible for motor control, but participates in cognitive functions, afferent and behavioral reactions, the dynamics of emotional and mental state, their changes [3, 19]. Neuro-glio-capillary ratios of the cerebellar cortex change, which are characterized by a violation of the bloodbrain barrier, which includes the capillary wall and one of the types of glial cells [1, 2, 17]
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