Renewable Energy Scenario of the World and Future Pattern

Abstract

The world has come to the stage where it has no doubts about switching to renewable energy-based electricity-producing technologies. The burden of utilizing fossil fuels is somewhat becoming impossible to lift. Renewable energy resources serve as an environmentally clean option for generating electricity, transportation requirements (electric vehicles), and renewable heating and cooling applications. The present scenario shows that renewable energy resources cannot serve as an alternative to conventional energy. Yet, they may help to supplement the long-term energy needs of the country. This chapter has studied and discussed the various renewable technologies, considering their present and future scenarios, working operation, environmental impacts, and cost analysis. The different renewable energy technologies are wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, ocean energy, and geothermal energy. Each renewable energy technology has been discussed to examine the technologies considering all the essential factors comprehensively. This study indicates that renewable energy sources have full potential to change their status from being a supplementary source to the primary source of energy-producing technology.