Abstract
Background and Objective: A Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is an important cause of maternal mortality and Eclamptic conditions including renal dysfunctions. The present study is aimed at evaluating and comparing the urinary protein, creatinine and their ratio during Pregnancy Induced Hypertension, Preeclampsia and Eclampsia. Materials and Methods: Defined groups of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension, Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia patients were selected with written informed consent with fifty subjects in each group. The urine was collected and used for the estimation the urinary protein, creatinine and their ratio in normal and experimental groups. The data were expressed as Mean SD. Comparison between patients and controls was performed using unpaired rest. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean SBP and DBP was significantly higher (p 0.001) in all the experimental groups as compared to normal subjects. The mean urinary protein and creatinine in PIH cases, Preeclampsia and Eclampsia was significantly higher (p 0.001) as compared to normal group. The protein creatinine ratio was also significantly higher (p 0.001) in all the experimental groups as compared to normal subjects. Conclusion: The significant elevation in urinary protein, creatinine and their ratio in the present study suggesting the fact that, the anti-angiogenic factors emanating from the placenta in PIH, Preeclampsia and Eclampsia contribute to glomerular endotheliosis, proteinuria, and hypertension.
Highlights
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is an important cause of maternal mortality and morality and preeclampsia accounts for more than 40% of iatrogenic premature deliveries
Defined groups of pregnancy induced hypertension; Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia were selected with prior written informed consent
For the assessment of renal function in pregnant women instead of a 24 hr urine collection to determine creatinine clearance and proteinuria, protein creatinine ratio of a single random urine sample can be taken as a simpler method
Summary
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is an important cause of maternal mortality and morality and preeclampsia accounts for more than 40% of iatrogenic premature deliveries. According to the National High Blood Pressure Education Program (NHBPEP), preeclampsias do not in general increase a woman's risk for developing chronic hypertension or other heart-related problems. The NHBPEP1 reports that in women with normal blood pressure who develop preeclampsia after the 20th week of their first pregnancy, short-term complications--including increased blood pressure--usually go away within about 6 weeks after delivery. May be more likely to develop high blood pressure or other heart disease later in life. Preeclampsia is a condition that typically starts after the 20th week of pregnancy and is related to increased blood pressure and protein in the mother's urine as a result of kidney problems. In the present study, the renal functions in pregnancy induced hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia was studied
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