Removal of reactive yellow dye by adsorption onto activated carbon using simulated wastewater

Abstract

Reactive yellow dye was investigated as an adsorbate to be removed onto activated carbon during batch and continuous processes. A Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis was carried out before and after onto the activated carbon adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters: Gibbs free energy, enthalpy change, and entropy change were found at different temperatures. Isotherm experiments were carried out at different conditions: adsorbent dosage (0.1–0.5 g), temperature (20–50°C), pH (2.5–9), and initial concentration (50–150 mg/l). Langmuir, Freundlich, and (Brunauer, Emmet, and Teller) BET isotherm model were used to fit the results. Kinetics mechanism of mass transfer pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticale diffusion models were studied. Fixed bed column experiments were carried out at different bed heights (0.05–0.15 m), initial concentration (10–50 mg/l), and flow rate (4–12) 10−6 m3/min to find empty bed contact time at break though point. Bed depth service time model was used as a shortcut model to predicate the breakthrough curves comparing with experimental data.