Abstract
Removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions by micellar enhanced ultra-filtration (MEUF) The results of preliminary research on the possibility of removing of chromium(III) and copper(II) ions from micellar solutions in MEUF were described. The effectiveness of metal ions removal in the classical UF and MEUF was compared. It was confirmed that in the classical UF the retention of metal ions is small, independent of the concentration of the feed solution. The cross-flow micellar enhanced ultrafiltration experiments showed the usefulness of this method for the separation of metal ions from micellar solutions. The retention of metal ions in MEUF process is almost total in the case of the solutions of low concentration. However, for more concentrated solutions the retention is much smaller.
Highlights
The pollution of industrial sewages by the heavy metals causes serious problems for the environment[1]
The unconventional methods of metal ion separation permit to eliminate the large volume of the organic phase from the process, which makes up the essential ecological threat, in the case of the mixer-settler systems
The cross-flow micellar ultrafiltration preliminary experiments showed the usefulness of this method for the separation of Cr(III) and Cu(II) ions from micellar solutions
Summary
The pollution of industrial sewages by the heavy metals causes serious problems for the environment[1]. The type and structure of the applied surfactants have fundamental importance in the micellar enhanced ultrafiltration process It influences the size of the micelles and their abilities to solubilize the removed substances/ions, possibility of precipitation, tendency to block the membranes as well as the quantity of the surfactant in the permeate flux. Among anionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is widely applied because of an effective removal of the heavy metal ions, such as: chromium[10], cadmium[13, 14], cobalt[15], nickel[16] as well as zinc[17] The aim of this preliminary work is to show the usefulness of micellar enhanced ultrafiltration techniques as the method of the removal of Cu(II) and Cr(III) ions from aqueous solutions. The obtained results demonstrate strong interaction between surfactant molecules and the surface of the PVDF membrane, which causes significant filtration resistance
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