Abstract
The removal of malachite green (MG) from aqueous solution using teak leaf litter powder (TLLP) was investigated. The process was influenced by initial concentration, pH and temperature of dye solution as well as TLLP dosage. Optimum removal of MG per gram of TLLP occurred at 2 g/L and at pH 6–8. Dubinin–Radushkevich and Freundlich isotherm models fit the batch adsorption data better than Langmuir isotherm. The monolayer capacity of TLLP was 333.33 mg/g at 293–313 K. The mean free energy of 7.07 kJ/mol implied physical adsorption. The pseudo-second order model fit the kinetic data better than the pseudo-first order model. Both intraparticle diffusion and film diffusion mechanisms jointly influenced the adsorption process but the latter was the rate-controlling step. Thermodynamic data indicated that the process was endothermic, spontaneous and feasible. Therefore, TLLP could be an important low-cost adsorbent for removal of MG from aqueous solution.
Highlights
Malachite green (MG) is a synthetic triarymethane dye mainly employed for dyeing wool, silk, acrylic, leather, wood and paper [1]
Where, C0 and C e are the initial and equilibrium concentration of MG, respectively; V (L) is the volume of the dye, w (g) is the mass of teak leaf litter powder (TLLP) used; qe and R (%) is the quantity of MG removed from aqueous solution
F = qt qe where F equals the fractional attainment of equilibrium at time, t, n is the Freundlich constant, Bt is a function of F, and q t and qe represent quantity of dye adsorbed at time, t, and at equilibrium, respectively
Summary
Malachite green (MG) is a synthetic triarymethane dye mainly employed for dyeing wool, silk, acrylic, leather, wood and paper [1]. Where, C0 and C e (mg/L) are the initial and equilibrium concentration of MG, respectively; V (L) is the volume of the dye, w (g) is the mass of TLLP used; qe (mg/g) and R (%) is the quantity of MG removed from aqueous solution. The impact of the dose of TLLP on removal of MG dye from aqueous solution was studied by fixing the initial concentration and volume of dye at 100 mg/L and 100 mL, respectively.
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