Remineralization Potential of Lacto se- free and Plant based milk on Enamel surface of Human teeth subjected to Energy Drinks

Abstract

Objective: Multiple etiological factors contribute to the process of erosion and destructionof enamel. Among which, carbonated soft beverages and energy drinks are the most aggressiveextrinsic causes. The consumption of milk whether bovine or plant based highly contributes to theremineralization process.Design: Thirty five freshly extracted sound human maxillary first premolars were used andrandomly divided into the following groups; Group I (Control group): included 5 teeth immersedin distilled water. Group II (Power Horse group): 15 teeth were immersed in 330ml of the drink.Group III (Cornelius group): 15 teeth were immersed in 330ml of the energy drink. After 10 days,the teeth were further randomly divided as follows (5 teeth each); Group IV (Power Horse +Lactosefree milk), Group V (Power Horse +Almond milk), Group VI (Cornelius +Lactose free milk) andGroup VII (Cornelius +Almond milk). Teeth of groups IV-VII were placed in both types of milk for5 days where the milk was changed every 2 hrs. The remaining teeth from groups II and III (5 teetheach) were kept in distilled water. At the end of the experimental period, the teeth were prepared forSEM examination, EDX and statistical analyses.Results: SEM examination showed that surface erosion was more aggressive in Power Horsegroup (II) when compared to Cornelius group (III). Furthermore, the results revealed betterremineralizing effect in groups IV and VI (lactose free treated) rather than those treated withalmond milk (groups V and VII ). EDX results presented statistically significant decrease in Caand P wt % in group II compared to group III . Statistically significant increase in Ca and P wt % ingroup IV in relation to group V and similarly, significant increase in group VI compared to groupVII were also detected.Conclusion: Energy drinks produce erosive defects of varying intensity on the enamel surfaceof human teeth. The intake of remineralizing agents; such as milk, immediately following everymeal containing acidic diet is mandatory to reverse the demineralization process.