Abstract
Chromite metal contamination represents one of the possible environmental hazards of mining activities. India is listed amongst the most Cr-polluted places in the world. The chromite mining sites generate overburden material/waste rock and subgrade ore, which cause environmental degradation due to heavy metal contamination, especially hexavalent Cr. It is an important industrial metal used in the manufacturing of stainless steel and metallurgy, chemical processing, and several other commercial products. However, its large-scale release to the environment causes numerous health disorders. Application of biochar in these contaminated mine spoils can be a feasible option for remediation of chromite contamination. Biochar has the potential to improve the spoil physio-chemical, biological and nutritional properties and remediate heavy metal toxicity. Optimization of biochar feedstock, production conditions, application rate, and application techniques is essential for a successful biochar based chromite remediation. Modified biochar, which specifically targets Cr metal ions, can also help in effective remediation of the potentially toxic element. The current chapter focuses on using biochar for chromite mine spoil remediation, biochar production and application conditions, mechanisms involved, hyperaccumulators used, and co-application techniques.
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