Abstract
Today, in modern structural design the ultimate goal is generally to find the best possible solution without compromising structural reliability. Toward this aim several reliability-based design codes have been proposed and are currently used in the United States, Canada, Asia, Australia, and Europe for buildings, bridges, and offshore platforms. These codes are calibrated using advanced structural reliability techniques to provide uniform and consistent safety levels over all structural elements (e.g., beams, columns, connections) that are designed by the same code provisions. However, uniform reliability of structural elements does not assure uniform reliability of structural systems. Depending on the type of structural topology, material, configuration, joint behavior, and correlations, the reliability of a structural system can be vastly different (Ang, 1989). Therefore, considerable research has been focused on structural system reliability assessment both in code work and in specific structural investigations for design criteria selection, concept evaluation, as well as on inspection and maintenance strategies. It is assumed in this chapter that we know how to evaluate both element (also referred to as component) and system reliabilities with respect to various limit states.1
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