Reliability-Aware Multi-Objective Optimization-Based Routing Protocol for VANETs Using Enhanced Gaussian Mutation Harmony Searching

Sami Abduljabbar Rashid,Mustafa Maad Hamdi,Lukman Audah,Mohammed Alhartomi

doi:10.1109/access.2022.3155632

Sami Abduljabbar Rashid, Mustafa Maad Hamdi + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3155632

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Abstract

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is an emerging technology that can be applied in intelligent transportation systems. Routing protocols are essential for obtaining reliable VANET networks. This article proposes a novel framework, designated as Reliability Aware Multi-Objective Optimization Based VANETs Routing (RAMO). The framework includes three levels: the first is the simulation of the VANET system; the second is the routing criteria, based on reliability and geometrics; the third level is the routing algorithm. The actual network is the next stage. Furthermore, the framework includes an optimization block that controls the parameters of each of the reliability, geometrical and routing blocks. The optimization is presented under the multi-objective perspective and based on the development of a novel variant of multi-objective harmony searching. This has been designated as Enhanced Gaussian Mutation Harmony Searching (EGMHS), which includes Gaussian mutation, objective decomposition and a harmony memory extraction algorithm. The evaluation was performed based on two levels. The first was the EGMHS evaluation using nine benchmarking mathematical functions, while the second was the RAMO evaluation based on the network simulator. The metrics obtained, including set coverage, delta metric, hyper-volume, packet delivery ratio (PDR) and end-to-end (E2E) delay, demonstrate the superiority over the baseline approaches of both EGMHS and RAMO with EGMHS.

Highlights

The emerging technology of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) has developed significantly and many industries are allocating considerable effort to compete in this field [1]
The framework includes three levels: the first is the simulation of the network of VANET which is responsible of calculating the objective values of the optimization decision variables; the second is the criteria of routing, which are based on reliability and geometrics; and the third level is the routing algorithm
The framework includes three levels: the first is the simulation of the VANET network; the second is the routing criteria, which are based on reliability and geometrics; the third level is the routing algorithm

Summary

Introduction

The emerging technology of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) has developed significantly and many industries are allocating considerable effort to compete in this field [1]. The term VANET refers to mobile vehicles driving on a highway or in an urban environment while connected to each other wirelessly They utilise an ongoing data exchange between them or with a roadside unit (RSU) for the purpose of updating information, guiding infrastructure-less driving and driving assistance [2]. Another aspect of VANETs technology is its integration with a complete intelligent transportation system, ITS [3] for various purposes. Communication speeds have increased significantly because of the fifthgeneration era of technology All these aspects have enhanced the feasibility of undertaking a significant amount of research in the area of VANETs in general and in the subarea of routing protocols for VANETs and VANETs clustering in particular [7, 8]

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