Relevance of increasing the share of winter rye in production crops of Western Siberia

Abstract

Winter rye, which has many valuable properties, is a very important crop in the grain area. The analysis of long-term data on the size of sown areas of winter rye in Russia shows their rapid decline. In this regard, the example of the “Rye” program, implemented by the Finnish government to promote and increase the consumption of rye flour products, as well as the experience of establishing an information center engaged in educational activities among the population is presented. The state of the State Register of Breeding Achievements Approved for Use in winter rye was considered: it was revealed that domestic breeding varieties accounted for 87.1%, foreign - 12.9%. At the same time, 18 varieties exclusively of domestic breeding were recommended for cultivation in Western Siberia, including four varieties of tetraploid rye. Over the past decade, five varieties of winter rye have been registered in the region. The ratio of the size of sown areas under the crop in the Russian Federation as a whole, the Altai Territory and the Novosibirsk Region is presented. The data for the Novosibirsk region for 2019-2021 on the yield of major winter crops, the volume of sowing of winter rye varieties and the hybrids included in the State Register were analyzed. The situation in the production of winter rye and its products, as well as the prospects for the use of this crop in crop rotations in Western Siberia were studied. Indicators of maximum yield of winter rye varieties and hybrids are given, their advantages and disadvantages are listed. The importance of creating a collection of varieties and hybrids in the region and the need to increase the production of winter rye and its products are justified.