Abstract
Recent investigations of relativistic heavy ion collisions are reviewed. In particular, use of 4π detector systems. Streamer Chamber and Plastic Ball, has yielded insight into the mechanisms of thermal and chemical equilibrium establishment at Bevalac and Dubna energies, as required for the formation of compressed fireball matter. Hydrodynamical flow of high density matter, and the total pion yield are established as primordial probes of the high density stage. First information is discussed about the nuclear matter equation of state. Towards higher energies, the conditions for quark matter formation are examined. First observations, in cosmic ray reactions, of extremely high mean transverse momenta, agree with predictions concerning possible signatures of a phase transition.
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