Relationship of the degree of coronary lesion and the expression of adipocytokines of local fat depots in patients with coronary artery disease

Abstract

Abstract Aims To reveal the peculiarities of the relationship between of the coronary lesion with the levels of expression of adiponectin, leptin and IL-6 by subcutaneous, epicardial and perivascular adipocytes in patients with coronary artery disease. Materials and methods The study included 90 patients with CAD who signed voluntary informed consent. During elective surgery (coronary artery bypass grafting, CABG), samples of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), EAT and PVAT were obtained. Then the patients were divided, depending on the degree of CA, as determined into 3 groups by the SYNTAX Score: moderate (≤22, Group 1), severe (23–31, Group 2), and extremely severe (≥32, Group 3). The expression of adiponectin, leptin and IL-6 was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using TaqManTM Gene Expression Assays (Applied Biosystems, USA) in the ViiA 7 Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, USA). Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 9.0. Results Evaluation of the studied parameters depending on the degree of coronary lesion according to SYNTAX Score showed that patients with moderate lesion were characterized by the highest level of adiponectin expression in all types of adipose tissue (AT). In severe coronary lesion, an increase in the level of leptin mRNA was observed in the SAT and EAT, and in extremely severe cases, in the PVAT. There was also an increase in the expression of IL-6 in the EAT and PVAT in severe and extremely severe coronary lesions. Using logistic regression analysis it was found that the most significant predictors of severe/extremely severe coronary lesion in CAD are: the expression of adiponectin in the PVAT (odds ratio (OR) 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI 0.178–0.79, p=0.031) and age (OR=1.4, 95% CI 1.072–1.839, p=0.014) The pathogenetic significance of these markers was confirmed by discriminant analysis, which showed the significance of the expression of adiponectin and IL-6 in the PVAT, leptin in all studied local fat depots to determine the probability of developing severe/extremely severe coronary lesions. Conclusions The data obtained indicate a close relationship between the degree of coronary lesion, assessed by the SYNTAX Score, and the expression levels of adipocytokines in local fat depots in patients with CAD. Based on this, it can be concluded that the studied markers are capable of reflecting the degree of coronary artery disease in patients with CAD. The most significant predictors of severe/extremely severe coronary artery disease in CAD is the expression of adiponectin in the PVAT and age. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.