Abstract
Abstract Globally, chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become the foremost cause of global illness and death. Previously, it was considered a health issue in developed countries only; as of now, 4 out of 5 deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries is due to chronic kidney disease. Obesity is defined as the accumulation of excessive body fat uncharacteristically, which may develop into impaired health. In literature, by the WHO, overweight is characterized by a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2; and obesity is characterized by a BMI greater than or equal to 30 Kg/m2. The prevalence of obesity-associated renal disorders has become greater than before by 10-fold in recent years. Glomerulomegaly, enlargement of the glomerulus, is one of the characterized clinical features of obesity, followed by an increase in glomerular filtration rate. All prospective, retrospective cohort observational studies focused on assessing the relationship between higher BMI, overweight, obesity, and CKD were included. Articles published in Electronic databases (PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Google scholar) were analyzed for the present study. Obesity has been increasing with years, as of the data of 1975 to 2020 it has increased three times, categorically 13% of grown people aged 18 years and above were obese, 39% of adults were overweight, and the number of children under the age of 5 reported obese and, overweight was 39 million in 2020. Twenty-one studies were assessed based on the requirement, after which eight articles were included. Finding suggests central obesity has major role in impairment of renal function and resulting in CKD. It is clear that obesity has a very significant association with CKD. The present narrative review supports the hypothesis that a higher BMI of 25 or above, overweight, and obesity might be risk factors for CKD.
Published Version
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