Abstract
Vitamin D (vitD) deficiency is a worldwide problem. Therefore, the main aims of this study were to compare 25-hydroxivitamin D levels (25(OH)D) in adolescents with and without Down syndrome (DS) and to study the relationship between 25(OH)D and bone. Eleven adolescents with DS (6 females) aged 15.5 ± 2.8 years and sixteen healthy controls (non-DS) (6 females) aged 14.3 ± 2.2 years were evaluated by bone imaging techniques. Blood samples were collected to determine vitD levels. Independent t-tests and analyses of covariance controlling for age, height, sex, sexual maturation, calcium intake and body mass index were performed to evaluate differences in 25(OH)D levels between groups. Pearson’s correlation test and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine the association between 25(OH)D and bone mass. Adolescents with DS had lower 25(OH)D (22.8 ± 8.0 vs. 36.0 ± 6.5 ng/ml) than non-DS (d = 1.81; p 0.05) but linear regression analyses suggested that 25(OH)D influenced positively femoral neck bone mineral density (β = 0.477, p = 0.038) and content at the 4% of the length of the tibia (β = 0.453, p = 0.008) in the non-DS and cortical volumetric bone mineral density at the 38% (β = 0.841, p = 0.034) in the DS. Adolescents with DS had lower levels of 25(OH)D and higher prevalence of vitD deficiency compared with non-DS. Associations between 25(OH)D and bone parameters were not observed for adolescents with DS but medium and positive correlations were observed in the non-DS group.
Published Version
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