Abstract
The relationship between the mechanism of deformation and fracture of linear polyethylene and the details of its fine structure is investigated. It is shown that the clearly expressed localization of both processes is a result of the anisotropy of the properties of the structural elements composing the spherulite and is controlled by their initial orientation in the spherulite relative to the axis of the tensile stress. A spiral model of the structure of polymer crystals is proposed and justified and used to develop a dislocation theory of the deformation and fracture of crystalline polymers.
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