Relationship between parent-reported gastrointestinal symptoms, sleep problems, autism spectrum disorder symptoms, and behavior problems in children and adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

Abstract

Background22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q) is a chromosome disorder, where a segment of chromosome 22, located at q11.2, is missing. This study aims to investigate the relationship between a number of parent-reported comorbid conditions including gastrointestinal symptoms, sleep problems, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms and behavior problems in children and adolescents with 22q deletion syndrome. MethodThe Gastrointestinal Symptom Inventory, Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire, Behavior Problem Inventory-Short Form and the Social Communication Questionnaire were completed by parents of 149 children and adolescents aged 3–18 years with a diagnosis of 22q. ResultsA series of correlations and hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted to examine the relationships between GI symptoms, sleep problems and behavior problems in children and adolescents with 22q deletion syndrome. A significant moderate relationship was found between GI symptoms and sleep problems. Gender and ASD symptoms predicted GI symptoms. Significant small relationships were found between GI symptoms and self-injurious behavior. Significant small to moderate relationships were found between sleep problems and self-injurious behavior, aggressive/destructive behavior, and sterotyped behavior. Sleep problems predicted challenging behavior. ConclusionsThis research demonstrated the importance of studying the relationship between comorbidities, including gastrointestinal symptoms, sleep problems, and behavior problems and how they shape the phenotype of 22q deletion syndrome.