Abstract
BackgroundWe investigate whether non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) provides a better estimate of cardiovascular risk than other lipid profiles in normotensive and euglycemic middle-aged and elderly adults.MethodsA total of 512 males and 958 females were enrolled from the Changfeng Study. A standard interview, anthropometric measurements and laboratory analyses were performed for each participant. Bilateral carotid intima-media thicknesses (CIMTs) were measured using ultrasonography, and the presence of carotid plaques was assessed.ResultsThe mean values of non-HDL-C were 3.4 ± 0.8 mmol/l and 3.6 ± 0.9 mmol/l for male and female subjects, respectively. Compared with female subjects with non-HDL-C in the first quartile, female subjects with non-HDL-C in the fourth quartile had 1.317-fold increased risks for carotid plaques after adjusting for conventional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and increasing quartiles of all lipid levels. Non-HDL-C was positively associated with the CIMT after adjusting for CVD risk factors in female subjects (β = 0.062, P = 0.034).ConclusionsThese results suggest that non-HDL-C is independently associated with carotid atherosclerosis in normotensive and euglycemic females.
Highlights
We investigate whether non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol provides a better estimate of cardiovascular risk than other lipid profiles in normotensive and euglycemic middle-aged and elderly adults
Our study showed that non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was independently associated with carotid atherosclerosis in a normotensive and euglycemic female population
Our study showed that non-HDL-C levels are better targets compared with other lipid profiles in female subjects, which presented as a stronger linear relationship with increased Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and a more powerful discriminatory ability for carotid plaque prediction
Summary
We investigate whether non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) provides a better estimate of cardiovascular risk than other lipid profiles in normotensive and euglycemic middle-aged and elderly adults. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been the primary measure used to estimate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by guidelines for over 3 decades, there are many studies demonstrating consistent outperformance by non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) [1, 2]. Non-HDL-C, which represents the total cholesterol content of apolipoprotein B (apo-B) containing lipoproteins, is useful in risk assessment for diabetic patients rather than LDL-C levels [5]. Researchers have shown that non-HDL-C is a better marker of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk than LDLC in patients with CVD and diabetes [6, 7]. In the Strong Heart Study, Lu et al [8] found non-HDL-C to be a better predictor of cardiovascular events in patients
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