Abstract
Partial shading is very common in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The mismatch losses and hot-spot effects caused by partial shading can not only affect the output power of a solar system, but also can bring security and reliability problems. This paper centers on the silicon crystalline PV module technology subjected to operating conditions with some cells partially or fully shaded. A comparison of the electrical and hot-spot performance results for four different connection mode PV modules without shading and with partial or full shading is presented. Bypass diode of different modules would start up in the different conditions with increasing shading area. We found that the regular half-cell module degraded about 60% than its non-shaded power, which is about 30% less than the other three modules, when the short edges of these modules were shaded. The highest hot-spot temperature of the regular half-cell module was 75.5 °C, which is the lowest among the four modules before the diode started up.
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