Relationship between levels of the heavy metals lead, cadmium and mercury, and metallothionein in the gills and stomach of Crassostrea iredalei and Crassostrea glomerata.

Kusriani Kusriani,Rahmi Nurdiani,Renanda B D S Putra,Asus Maizar Suryanto Hertika,Erlinda Indrayani

doi:10.12688/f1000research.14861.1

Kusriani Kusriani, Rahmi Nurdiani + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14861.1

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Journal: F1000Research	Publication Date: Aug 10, 2018
Citations: 7	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Brawijaya

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the levels of heavy metals (Pb, Hg, and Cd) and metallothionein (MT) in the gills and stomach of two species of mussels ( Crassostrea iredalei and Crassostrea glomerata), and to observe the ability of the mussels to absorb the heavy metals Pb, Hg and Cd present in the water. Methods: The mussels were obtained from Mayangan, Kenjeran and Gresik ports, East Java, Indonesia. MT levels were determined using ELISA. Heavy metal levels of Pb, Hg and Cd were assayed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results: The levels of Pb and Cd in water were below the maximum permissible levels for local water quality standards. By contrast, the level of Hg in the water was above the maximum permissible levels for water quality standards. At Mayangan Port (Station 1), the level of Pb was higher than Hg and Cd. Levels of MT and heavy metals varied greatly among of C. iredalei and C. glomerata individuals, but were always higher in the gills than in the stomach. The highest MT level (160,250 ng/g) was observed at Kenjeran Port (Station 2). MT levels were shown to be significantly associated with heavy metal level ( P<0.0001). Conclusions: This result indicates that MT may be responsible for the sequestration of these heavy metals, as has already been observed in terrestrial animals.

Highlights

Pollution occurring in coastal environments is mainly caused by human and industrial activity, and has become a matter of concern over the last few decades[1,2]
The level of heavy metal Pb was higher than Hg and Cd at all three sampling stations
The highest Pb and Cd value were observed at Kenjeran at around 0.036 mg/l and 0.012 mg/l, respectively

Summary

Introduction

Pollution occurring in coastal environments is mainly caused by human and industrial activity, and has become a matter of concern over the last few decades[1,2]. Heavy metal pollution may have devastating effects on both the ecological environment and aquatic organisms[3]. The suspension-feeding activity of mussels represent the main pathway for heavy metal uptake and accumulation[8,9]. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of heavy metals (Pb, Hg, and Cd) and metallothionein (MT) in the gills and stomach of two species of mussels (Crassostrea iredalei and Crassostrea glomerata), and to observe the ability of the mussels to absorb the heavy metals Pb, Hg and Cd present in the water. At Mayangan Port (Station 1), the level of Pb was higher than Hg and Cd. Levels of MT and heavy metals varied greatly among of C. iredalei and C. glomerata individuals, but were always higher in the gills than in the stomach. Conclusions: This result indicates that MT may be responsible for the sequestration of these heavy metals, as has already been observed in terrestrial animals

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Results