Abstract
This chapter discusses the relation of glutathione (GSH) to hormone action and diabetes. GSH injection protects against alloxan diabetes and that the GSH level in the blood, and presumably in the beta cell, is important in determining the alloxan susceptibility. It seems probable that the level of GSH within the pancreatic beta cell is also an important factor in determining the rate of onset and progression of diabetes in animals with a diminished pancreatic reserve. The GSH levels of the blood and tissues are influenced by the adrenal, thyroid, pituitary, pancreatic, and parathyroid hormones. Changes in blood and tissue GSH levels have been observed following extirpation of the various glands and following the administration of the various hormones. It is important, therefore, to determine whether the observed changes in GSH level are because of a change in the rate of synthesis or breakdown of GSH; a change in the rate of oxidation or reduction of GSH; or a change in the availability of precursors, of enzymes, or of coenzymes necessary for GSH synthesis, breakdown, or transformation.
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