Relation of Dry Eye Syndrome with Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: This study was performed to assess the prevalence of dry eye syndrome with diabetic retinopathy in patients with type2 diabetes mellitus and their contributing factors. Objective: To investigate whether Dry Eye Syndrome is related with Diabetic Retinopathy in patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methodology: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from october 2016 to february 2019 to assess relation of Dry Eye Syndrome with type-2 Diabetic Retinopathy patients. Patients attending into Department of Ophthalmology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, who were diagnosed as a type-2 diabetic retinopathy, were the study population of this study. Results: we analyzed 95 diabetic retinopathy patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of which 61.1% patients were male and 38.95% were female. Out of the 95 patients, 66.3% patients had dry eye and 33.7% patients had no dry eye. After categorization according to severity 17.5% patients had mild, 61.9% had moderate and 20.6% patients had severe dry eye. Study findings showed Dry Eye participants mean (SD) age in years was 56.03 (6.63). The reflex secretion of tears, as measured by Schirmer’s I method, decreased significantly with increasing age and significant influence was seen in Type 2 diabetes patients after 50 year of age. In the present study, 58.7% of dry eye in diabetic retinopathy patients were males and 41.3%% were females. TBUT was found to be less than10 second in 66.3% dry eye patients but normal TBUT in 33.7% patients. Most of the dry eye patients (71.4%) with type 2 diabetic retinopathy had very poor control of diabetes. In this study, 7.9% patients of mild NPDR, 17.5% patients of moderate NPDR, 57.1% patients of severe NPDR and 17.5% patients of PDR had dry eye. A statistically significant (P ≤ 0.000) association was found between type-2 diabetic retinopathy and dry eye. ........................