Relación del calcio, fósforo, magnesio y selenio sobre la reproducción en vacas lecheras durante el periodo de transición

Abstract

The transition period is a stage of significant hormonal and metabolic changes as it goes from a period of fat deposition during late pregnancy to one of tissue mobilization prior to the beginning of lactation. The transition period (three weeks before and three after calving) is a dramatic change for the animal, where the greatest energy and metabolic imbalances occur. During early lactation, lipolytic activity increases in the dairy cow, since the degree of lipolysis depends on the genetic potential for milk production and the severity of the negative energy balance (NEB). Most dairy cow mineral disorders occur in the peripartum and are directly related to nutritional management during the dry period, particularly in the last weeks before calving. It has been found that the lack or imbalance of minerals in the soil is reflected in the nutritional value of the pastures and this is one of the causes of the low productivity and reproductive problems of cattle; This is manifested in a conception rate of no more than 45%, a percentage of abortions that can reach 10% and an age and weight at the first service and at the first delivery that are outside the efficient values for a productive livestock.