Abstract
The object of research is the technology of producing filled impact-resistant compositions based on polypropylene for the manufacture of automotive parts. The main problem is the reduction of strength and technical characteristics with an increase in the amount of filler in the compositions. To solve this problem, the injection of a modifier in an amount of 5 mass % is proposed in filled polypropylene compositions.The effect of the filler and modifier on the rheological and mechanical properties of polypropylene-based compositions has been studied. It has been established that the presence of calcite concentrate as a filler and propylene-octenoic block copolymers as a modifier in the composition helps to reduce its viscosity, which is due to the predominant effect of the emulsifying action of calcium stearate over the thickening effect of the mineral filler. An increase in the melt flow index in compositions with 5 % propylene-octenoic block polymer is shown, which is explained by its plasticizing effect and good combination with polypropylene. It is shown that the injection of the filler to 10 mass % increases the impact strength compared to the original polypropylene. A further increase in the filler content to 20 % in the compositions reduces the impact strength to almost the value for the output polypropylene with an uncritical decrease in tensile strength. It is shown that the presence of 5 mass % of the modifier in the compositions increases the value of the relative elongation.It is determined that the developed composition with 5 mass % of the modifier and with varying the amount of filler can be used for the production of parts for cars for various purposes without significant changes in the technological cycle. The advantage of the investigated compositions is the reduction of energy consumption for the processing of highly filled compositions. The implementation of the developed technologies does not require additional capital investments for the re-equipment of the enterprise, since the developed compositions can be processed using conventional extrusion equipment.
Highlights
The steady increase in the use of plastics in the automotive industry over the past decade has led to the fact that from 100 to 120 kg of car weight falls on plastics [1]
The viscosity of melts of polymer suspensions PP/CC is ranging from 3.4 g/10 min without CC to 6.9 g/10 min at determined by two competing factors: the emulsifying action 50 mass % (Fig. 4). This is due to a good combination of of non-polar «tails» of the acid leads to a decrease in the propylene-octenoic block copolymer (POBC) with PP and its plasticizing effect
It is established that the injection of 5–20 mass % of calcite concentrate allows to adjust the rheological properties of the melts of compositions based on polypropylene
Summary
The steady increase in the use of plastics in the automotive industry over the past decade has led to the fact that from 100 to 120 kg of car weight falls on plastics (for cars) [1]. Polypropylene compositions with rubbers and mineral fillers are successfully used for the manufacture of large-sized decorative and structural automotive parts with enhanced scratch resistance (instrument panels, bumpers, etc.) [2, 3]. Expansion of the use of plastics in the design of the car (Fig. 1) is justified by the fact that as a result, the vehicle’s own weight decreases, fuel costs and parts wear are reduced, and the payload increases . The main problem, as a rule, is a decrease in strength and technical characteristics with an increase in the amount of filler in the compositions In this regard, the development of polymeric composite materials with enhanced technical characteristics for car parts is an important task
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