Regulation of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C at the nuclear envelope in cardiac myocytes.

Abstract

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate hydrolysis at the plasma membrane by phospholipase C is one of the major hormone regulated intracellular signaling systems. The system generates the diffusible second messenger IP3 and the membrane bound messenger diacylglycerol. Spatial regulation of this system has been thought to be through specific subcellular distributions of the IP3 receptor or PKC. As is becoming increasingly apparent, receptor-stimulated signaling systems are also found at intracellular membranes. As discussed in this issue, G protein-coupled receptors have been identified at the nuclear envelope implying intracellular localization of the signaling systems that respond to G protein-coupled receptors. Here, we discuss the evidence for the existence of PLC signals that regulate nuclear processes, as well as the evidence for nuclear and nuclear envelope localization of PLC signaling components, and their implications for cardiac physiology and disease.