Regulation of neuronal death in the course of neurogenesis: peripheral hormones as new players

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Regulation of neuronal death in the course of neurogenesis: peripheral hormones as new players Emmanuel Moyse1* 1 Universite Aix-Marseille-3, UMR 6231 CNRS, Department of Physiologie Neurovegetative, France Adult neurogenesis regulation by peripheral hormones recently emerged as a new concept in Neuroendocrinology. Neurogenesis from neural stem cells is a complex process, which involves several distinct cellular mechanisms: stem/progenitor cell proliferation, progeny survival or programmed cell death, differentiation in neurons or glia, cell integration into the mature neuronal net. Hormonal regulations of neurogenesis were shown thus far to target either proliferation or apoptosis depending on paradigms and structures, but neither both. Adipocyte-derived hormone leptin inhibits food intake behaviour at the brain level via specific ObRb receptors and controls proliferation and/or apoptosis in diverse cell types in adult. Using in vitro neurosphere assay (NSA) on two neurogenic structures of adult rat brain: the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) and the subventricular zone (SVZ), we found that leptin inhibits growth of neurospheres derived from both structures. In SVZ, such inhibition results from decrease in cell proliferation and increase in cell death as indicated by Ki-67 immunocytochemistry and TUNEL staining, respectively. These leptin actions involve ERK-mediated cyclin D1 induction. Silencing cyclin D1 expression by specific shRNA prevented leptin-induced decrease in the cell number, which demonstrates cyclin D1 mediation of leptin growth-inhibitory action on neurospheres. These results point to the inhibition of neural stem cell expansion as a novel central response to leptin and add to the pleiotropy of this hormone, in particular on brain plasticity. In addition, it further documents the role of cyclin D1 as a molecular switch between proliferation and apoptosis in the neuronal lineage. Conference: 3rd Mediterranean Conference of Neuroscience , Alexandria, Egypt, 13 Dec - 16 Dec, 2009. Presentation Type: Oral Presentation Topic: Symposium 19 – Neuronal loss by programmed cell deaths: new players in neurodegenerative diseases Citation: Moyse E (2009). Regulation of neuronal death in the course of neurogenesis: peripheral hormones as new players. Front. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: 3rd Mediterranean Conference of Neuroscience . doi: 10.3389/conf.neuro.01.2009.16.078 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 20 Nov 2009; Published Online: 20 Nov 2009. * Correspondence: Emmanuel Moyse, Universite Aix-Marseille-3, UMR 6231 CNRS, Department of Physiologie Neurovegetative, 13331 Marseille, France, emmanuel.moyse@univ-cezanne.fr Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Emmanuel Moyse Google Emmanuel Moyse Google Scholar Emmanuel Moyse PubMed Emmanuel Moyse Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.