Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the gene expression changes conferred by capsaicin in the cell model of 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease, to disclose the molecular mechanism of action of capsaicin. We used capsaicin-treated and paraffin-embedded wax blocks containing substantia nigra tissue from 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease rats to analyze transcriptional changes using Affymetrix GeneChip Whole Transcript Expression Arrays. A total of 108 genes were differentially expressed in response to capsaicin treatment, and seven of these genes were selected for further analysis: Olr724, COX1, Gsta2, Rab5a, Potef, Actg1, and Acadsb, of which Actg1 (actin gamma 1) was down-regulated and Gsta2 (Glutathione S-transferase alpha 2) was up-regulated. We successfully overexpressed Actg1 and Gsta2 in vitro. CCK-8 detection and flow cytometry demonstrated that overexpression of Actg1 and Gsta2 increased apoptosis in the 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease cell model. The imbalance between Actg1 and Gsta2 may be one of the mechanisms of cell damage in Parkinson's disease (PD). Capsaicin can protect the cells and reduce the apoptosis rate by regulating Actg1 and Gsta2.
Highlights
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective death and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra
Our lab found that capsaicin could protect against oxidative insults and alleviates behavioral deficits in rats with 6-OHDA-induced PD via activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1) [3], but we have not shown the molecular mechanism of action of capsaicin
We showed that capsaicin protects against oxidative insults and alleviates behavioral deficits in rats with 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson’s disease
Summary
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective death and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Capsaicin is an irritant ingredient found in red pepper, which can cause body temperature to rise, increase blood flow, increase energy consumption and reduce oxidative stress. Capsaicin is an effective antioxidant, even if it is eaten in a short period of time, it helps to reduce low-density lipoprotein [4,5]. Capsaicin can effectively inhibit radiation-induced biochemical changes, including lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. It can significantly prevent radiation-induced loss of antioxidant enzyme and important endogenous antioxidant glutathione activity, and can be used as antioxidant and radiation protection agent in physiological systems [6]. Capsaicin can increase the level of glutathione and may help prevent age-related diseases [7].
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