Regulating Sugar Levels in Blood in Humans and Diabetes Mellitus as an Automatic System of Control

Abstract

In this paper results of a study on how the problem of regulating the sugar level in human's blood as related to illness 'diabetes mellitus' can be modeled as an automatic control systems are presented. The energy necessary for functioning of all human body cells is provided from the processing of the food consumed. The food intake itself can be insufficient, sufficient, but it can also be greater than is needed. In a situation where more food is consumed than needed usually the sugar level in blood raises - the level of sugar in blood is regulated by insulin, a hormone produced by pancreas. The second factor that can lead to the increase in sugar level is stress, something an increasing number of people are facing in their lives today. Both of the above mentioned factors, hiperalimentation and stress, particularly if they are present for a longer time period, in humans (at risk) can result in problems in metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats manifested as diabetes that leads to disease of blood vessels and illness of many body organs such as kidneys, nerves, eyes, heart and the central nervous system.