Abstract
Background: Although it has been suggested that healthier lifestyle may optimize effects of the immunomodulation drugs for treating multiple sclerosis (MS), the knowledge regarding this kind of interactions is limited.Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise in combination with pharmacological treatment in an animal model for MS.Methods: C57BL/6J female mice were subjected to daily treadmill exercise for 4 weeks before immunization and 6 weeks before clinical presentation of disease. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) or glatiramer acetate (GA) were administered after the first clinical relapse. Histopathological analyses were carried out in the lumbar spinal cord at peak disease and at 1 or 14 days post-treatment (dpt).Results: Exercised-GA treated animals demonstrated decreased astrocytic response in the spinal dorsal horn with an improvement in the paw print pressure. Exercised-DMF treated animals showed an increased microglial/macrophage response on both ventral and dorsal horn that were associated with clinical improvement and synaptic motoneuron inputs density.Conclusion: The present data suggest that prior regular exercise can modify the effects of pharmacological treatment administered after the first relapse in a murine model for MS.
Highlights
Among the Disease Modifying Therapies (DMTs) used nowadays aiming at diminishing relapses and improving quality of life for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients, there are two major groups of drugs referred as immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive lines [1]
The newly approved dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is considered as a DMT for multiple sclerosis (MS) because of its basic mechanism of action related to a switch response from Th1 to Th2 [5]
No statistical differences were observed between no-exercise and exercised groups regarding the body weight evolution (Figure 1A), clinical score presentation (Figure 1B), latency to fall from rotarod apparatus (Figure 1C), and the pressure of the hind limb paw print (Figure 1D)
Summary
C57BL/6J female mice were subjected to daily treadmill exercise for 4 weeks before immunization and 6 weeks before clinical presentation of disease. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) or glatiramer acetate (GA) were administered after the first clinical relapse. Histopathological analyses were carried out in the lumbar spinal cord at peak disease and at 1 or 14 days post-treatment (dpt)
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