Abstract

Many organisms exhibit a marked decrease of resting rates of metabolism during the annual cycle, associated with lack of oxygen, water, food, or heat. Inhibition of the processes of transcription and translation may contribute significantly to the metabolic depression, although some proteins have increased expression during this condition. In hibernating mammals, regulation of transcription apparently occurs by adjustments at distinct levels, such as chromatin structure, RNA polymerase II activity, transcription factors, alternative splicing, microRNAs, besides changes in mRNA stability.

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