REGISTROS DE Callithrix aurita (Primates, Callitrichidae) E SEUS HÍBRIDOS NO PARQUE NACIONAL DO ITATIAIA

Abstract

The occurrence of the Buffy-tufted-ear Marmoset Callithrix aurita in the Itatiaia National Park (INP) is considered rare. For over 50 years, there were no new records of the species within the PNI. In this study, after three years of surveys in the PNI (432h), no record of this species was obtained. Two other species were observed: Black-horned capuchin Sapajus nigritus (n=10) and Black-fronted Titi Monkey Callicebus nigrifrons (n=12). However, in 2015, when the surveys were already completed, I obtained two occasional records of C. aurita. The first as obtained in May in the surroundings of the PNI. In addition, a hybrid between C. aurita and C. penicillata (alien species) was photographed on a private property inside a forest area. Local residents confirmed the occurrence of the two species (native and hybrid) at the site and also reported rarity of native. The second record of C. aurita was carried out in October inside the PNI, at about 1100m a.s.l. In this occasion, I identified three individuals on an exotic pine tree. These new records of C. aurita, which is an endangered species in Brazil, reveal the importance of the PNI and surrounding areas for the species conservation and the need for specific studies mapping the native populations of C. aurita as well as of alien species. Knowledge about the ecology of alien Callithrix species is crucial to conservation actions for their control or eradication. Educational activities should also be carried out with residents of the surrounding PNI, with the objectives of preventing further releases of alien and participation of local people on control actions.