Abstract
Observations of the occurrence of He + dominance in the topside ionosphere are discussed. An earlier model of the behaviour of high-latitude H + and O + thermal plasma (Quegan et al., 1982) is extended to include He + as a major ion. Calculations using the extended model show that plasma convection is likely to play a key rôle in producing regions of He + dominance. Suggested conditions for He + dominance are listed and their applicability to observed He + behaviour is discussed.
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