Regional monitoring of the urinary tract infections etiological spectrum pathogens in the child population in Chernivtsi region: dynamic changes, age, gender, administrative and territorial characteristics

Abstract

Microbiological monitoring of the uropathogens is an effective «tool» for urinary tract infectious and inflammatory diseases treatment quality improvement. The aim of the article is to determine the range of the urinary tract infectious-inflammatory diseases etiological spectrum groups of pathogens in the child population in Chernivtsi region. Materials and methods. The etiologic spectrum of uropathogens identified in the urine samples of 657 patients who were provided with a specialized medical care in the Nephrology Department of the «Municipal Children’s Clinical Hospital», Chernivtsi (2014–2015) was analyzed in order to dynamically control the possible changes of the «urinary tract infections» (UTI) regional etiological structure and antibiotic resistance of pathogens; identification of age and gender differences of urine microbial diversity in the child population in Chernivtsi region (2014–2015) compared with the monitoring data for the 2009–2013 period. Results. A significant difference has been found in the etiological structure of the urine microbial diversity in children with infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract (Gram-positive cocci – p < 0.05; Enterobacteria – p < 0.01; resident microflora – p < 0.01) in comparison with uropathogens extracted in children with urinary tract noninfectious diseases. Administrative and territorial differences have been registered in etiological structure of the urine microbial diversity in children living in the urban areas (p < 0.01) from their peers living in the rural areas. Conclusions. The regional monitoring data showed changes of the urine resident microflora (p < 0.01) without significant changes of etiological spectrum of the UTI pathogens in examined children (0–18 years old) with urinary tract infectious and inflammatory diseases during 2009–2015 in Chernivtsi region. At the same time it as a matter of concern a significant increase in the proportion of «negative results» (no growth) in the urine bacteriological analysis (p < 0.01), which might indirectly indicate the «uncontrolled» use of antibiotics among children in the region.