Regional Aspects of Soybean Production

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main production and economic indicators of soybean production. The trends and changes in the production indicators of soybean in the Zaporozhya region in the development of the domestic agricultural market are revealed. The share of soybean production in the Zaporozhya region in the total production of this crop in Ukraine is shown. The aim of the article is to analyze and compare the production and economic indicators of soybean production in Ukraine and in the Zaporizhzhya region. Research methods - system generalization, abstract-logical, analysis and synthesis, observation, comparison, graphic. Research results. Soybean production is important for the strategic development of the economy of Ukraine as a whole, and its regions in particular. This is confirmed by the high level of profitability in Ukraine on average for 3 years at the level of 24%, in the Zaporizhzhya region - 50%. Sowing areas under soybeans have stabilized over the past 5 years. The leaders in terms of soybean cultivation are Khmelnitsky, Poltava, Kherson, Vinnitsa, Zhitomir, Kiev regions, whose share in the total structure is from 7 to 12%. Trends in changes in soybean production indicators have a number of differences at the national and regional levels. Zaporizhzhya region does not belong to the leaders in soybean production in Ukraine, since the share of gross harvest of sunflower in the region does not exceed 1%. However, productivity and economic indicators in the region are higher than the national average by 4-7%. Conclusions. Soybean production has gained territorial distribution throughout Ukraine, 92% of the gross harvest is provided by agricultural enterprises, 8% is grown by households. Significant economic potential and demand for soy products of enterprises of the oil and fat complex create the necessary conditions for organizing the effective production of this crop. A factor restraining production on households is the technological feature of harvesting. There is an expansion of the area under this crop in the Zaporizhzhya region, and productivity growth is ensured by irrigation.