Regeneration of Damaged Epidermal and Neural Cells in Rats with Subcutaneous Wounds Injected with Platelet Rich Plasma and Multivitamins

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Introduction: The scientific definition of Wound is the disruption of various characteristics of the anatomical, functional and cellular continuity of a living tissue. Platelet-rich plasma is a natural occurring blood element that contains a vast amount of platelets in a noticeable volume. The sole function of PRP is a protective mechanism which acts as an adhesive material to maintain hemostatic and tissue properties, it also acts as an immediate hemostatic agent in surgical applications being biocompatible, safe, and effective. The sole aim of this study is to investigate the effect of PRP combined with multivitamins on the regeneration process of superficial rat skin. Methodology: Thirty male rats were used in this experiment and were divided into 3 groups control n= 10, PRP n =10 and PRP and multivitamins n=10. Each group was subjected to a skin wound and received and a treatment of 1 mil of PRP only or 1 mil PRP and 1 mil multivitamins. Control groups received nothing. Wound size was measured for 15 days. Wound site was surgically removed and processed for histological examination after 15 days. Results: Wound area was reduced in all animal groups over time. There is a more significant increase (P>0.05) between treated rats with PRP and multivitamins injections and control groups on day 15 of the experiment. The results also show a significant increase (P>0.05) in wound size between PRP treated rats and control groups beginning on day 5 of the experiment. There was no statistical significance (P=0.05) in wound size between PRP treated rats and control rats in the first 5 days post wound initiation. Tissue from PRP treated rats shows normal histological appearance of both dermal and epidermal layers however there is a thickened stratum corneum indication of scar formation. Histological examination of PRP and multivitamin treated wounds shows normal histological architecture with normal dermal and epidermal appearance. Conclusion: Overall PRP and multivitamin administration subcutaneously in wound sites of male rats shows improvement and restoration of histological architecture. Reduction in wound site was reduced significantly in comparison with other groups.