Abstract
The article represents data on morphogenesis from leaf explants of three steppe cherry genotypes, as well as the degree of somaclonal variability at in vitro and ex vitro stages, and in the field. It was revealed that a content of 6-benzylaminopurine, 4.43 μM, in combination with auxin, 0.5–0.6 μM, stimulates in the light the direct organogenesis in the tissues of the leaf base. This reaction was observed from 16.7 to 75.0% of explants, depending on the genotype. An equal 6-benzylaminopurine - auxin ratio (1: 1) led to the callus along with microshoots. Depending on the genotype, up to 30.0% of explants had such a mixed type of organogenesis. The mitotic index value in the apical leaflets differed depending on the day time. At the stage of micropropagation itself, an increase of the mitotic index was observed from 10 to 16 hours; at the stage ex vitro, no significant differences in the mitosis frequency were revealed within this time interval. No significant differences were found between the level of the mitotic index for plants obtained directly from leaves and those from buds. The mitosis passed without disturbances. No phenotypic changes in plant habit, shape and color of leaves were found.
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