Reflections on comprehensive care in the ethnic-racial context: an integrating review.

Pedro Henrique Melo Alves,Ana Carla Silva Alexandre,Gislene Farias De Oliveira,Claudia Daniele Barros Leite-Salgueiro

doi:10.1590/1413-81232020256.23842018

Abstract

The objective of this article is to identify in the scientific literature affirmative care actions for the black population. This is an integrative review of the literature carried out in April 2017 at the Virtual Health Library (BVS), using LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences) and the Nursing Database (BDENF). Ten papers explored and shown in synoptic tables were used and analyzed through an instrument after taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Nine affirmative actions were listed to promote healthcare for the black population following the study of the papers. It is necessary, in both care and training spaces, to question the main demands against the context in which the black population is inserted, as well as the affirmative care actions for the black population to implement the principles of universality and integrality in health services to their full extent.

Highlights

IntroductionThe meanings pointed out for the term “care” are polysemous and diverse and emerge as a challenge within collective health
The meanings pointed out for the term “care” are polysemous and diverse and emerge as a challenge within collective health. This term is related to the act of gathering, which in turn is a meeting of knowledge, technologies, cultures, affections, where it works in the nuances of collective health, as a moment of exchange between professionals, services and health teams with those who need/seek care[1], valuing horizontality, breaking the hierarchical barrier in the professional-user dyad
In the period preceding the establishment of the Unified Health System (SUS) in Brazil in 1988, care was promptly replaced by treatment, due to the health commodification process, culminating in the carelessness and dehumanization of care, and is supported by private groups, where the scientific and economic interest is more important than the social interest, where the disease is more important than the sick body, since the money and prestige obtained by the medical services had no obligations and debts with human suffering[3]

Summary

Introduction

The meanings pointed out for the term “care” are polysemous and diverse and emerge as a challenge within collective health. The act of caring is essential to human beings, since it is related to zeal, proper treatment, empathy, solicitude, characterizing, the act by which someone “transcends itself ”, ridding of its social and individual ties to focus on the concern with another person. In this perspective, the art of caring is born and is the essence of doing in nursing, to scientifically support the practice. In the period preceding the establishment of the Unified Health System (SUS) in Brazil in 1988, care was promptly replaced by treatment, due to the health commodification process, culminating in the carelessness and dehumanization of care, and is supported by private groups, where the scientific and economic interest is more important than the social interest, where the disease is more important than the sick body, since the money and prestige obtained by the medical services had no obligations and debts with human suffering[3]

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Results