Refined Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model for End-Plate Connections

Abstract

This chapter explores the behavior of steel connections, which is basically three-dimensional and involves the unilateral contact problem. A new finite element methodology is developed to investigate the behavioral characteristics of bolted connections, especially the end-plate connections. In order that the actual behavior could be simulated correctly and effectively, a three-dimensional modeling is established. The elasto-plastic nonconforming solid elements with variable nodes are used for the effective and economic three-dimensional finite element modeling and analysis. It discusses the effect of bolt pretensioning and the shapes of bolt shank, head, and nut are taken into consideration in the modeling. A simple yet efficient contact algorithm with a new gap element is employed to simulate the interaction between the end-plate and column-flange. The comparison of moment-rotation relationships obtained by the proposed scheme with the experimental results reveals that the modeling proposed in this study can properly simulate the actual behavior of the end-plate connection.