Abstract
Monometallic and bimetallic nanocomposites M/Al2O3 (M = NiO, Au, NiO + Au) with metal contents of 0.1–0.65 wt % were prepared by the deposition-precipitation and/or impregnation technique. The surface of the composites was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), EDX, adsorption spectroscopy (AAS), and XAFS. The features of the M/Al2O3 catalysis of the reductive dehydration of ethanol at 350°C were investigated. The activity of NiO/Al2O3 containing 3.5 nm particles of NiO was 130 h−1. A strong size effect in activity was revealed for Au/Al2O3 nanocomposites with activity increasing from 341 to 1384 h−1 as the size of gold particles decreased from 13–20 to 5 nm. The selectivity of 5-nm particles of Au/Al2O3 to the fraction of C3-C8 hydrocarbons was 11.69 mass %. The growth of M particles due to the segregation of individual metals and/or the formation of mixed (Au + NiO) particles resulted in an increase in the selectivity of C3-C8 up to 34.19 mass %. The causes of the observed catalytic phenomena are discussed considering the reaction mechanisms and the specific structure features of the obtained catalysts.
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