Abstract
Introduction: Pain is a complex phenomenon and in many diseases is the cardinal manifestation. In many of them, the source of pain is obscure and in turn curing pain also becomes difficult. Finding a new regulatory mechanism for pain perception and processing such as alternation of neurogenesis may establish a new treatment. Methods and Materials: In this study, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: social, isolated, morphine-treated socialized (MTS) and morphine-treated isolated (MTI). After injection of BrdU for 14 days (50 mg/kg/rat/day/i.p) and morphine for seven days from day 8 (3 mg/kg/rat/day/i.p), rats were performed tail flick test and then sacrificed. Brains were prepared for assessing neurogenesis and serums were collected for assessing glutathione. Results: In tail flick test isolated and morphine-treated isolated rats had decreased sensitivity to pain stimuli compared to social and morphine-treated socialized rats, respectively. In assessing neurogenesis, isolated and morphine-treated isolated rats had reduced numbers of newly generated neurons compared to social and morphine-treated socialized rats, respectively. Glutathione in serum in isolated and morphine-treated isolated rats increased compared to social and morphine-treated socialized rats, respectively. Conclusion: Reduction of neurogenesis was associated with reduced pain sensitivity in isolated groups. So, isolation may alleviate pain and reduce pain threshold and sensitivity.
Highlights
IntroductionPain is a complex phenomenon that many scientists have been tried to describe it in an understandable way
Pain is a complex phenomenon and in many diseases is the cardinal manifestation
In this study, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: social, isolated, morphine-treated socialized (MTS) and morphine-treated isolated (MTI)
Summary
Pain is a complex phenomenon that many scientists have been tried to describe it in an understandable way. Reward circuit efficacy seems positively regulated by a number of neurons that are generated in the hippocampus [2]. Production of new neurons in the brain after birth is called neurogenesis. Production of new neurons mainly occurs in two brain regions dentate gyrus of hippocampus and subventricular zone [3]. Since the hippocampus is part of reward circuit it is thought that changes in production of new neurons will affect the function of this important circuit. In this study for modeling environmental change isolation and socialization have been used. Changes in brain function along with alternation of neurogenesis in appositive manner have been investigated. It is investigated that if environmental modalities can change sensitivity to pain stimuli and investigating the role of neurogenesis in this regard
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