Abstract
This study examines the integration of Lean Healthcare principles and simulation modeling as a combined approach to improving operational efficiency, reducing costs, optimizing resource utilization, and enhancing patient satisfaction in healthcare settings. A total of 190 peer-reviewed articles were systematically reviewed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to ensure a transparent, rigorous, and comprehensive analysis. The findings reveal significant improvements in key metrics, including reductions in patient wait times (15% to 40%), cost savings (10% to 35%), and enhanced resource utilization (15% to 40%) across various departments such as emergency, outpatient clinics, surgical units, and pharmacies. Furthermore, patient satisfaction scores improved by 20% to 50%, reflecting the value of these methodologies in creating patient-centered healthcare operations. However, the study also identifies critical gaps, including limited research on the long-term sustainability of these interventions and their applicability in rural and low-resource hospital settings. Despite these challenges, the review underscores the transformative potential of Lean and simulation approaches, offering actionable insights for healthcare administrators and policymakers striving to balance efficiency, quality, and sustainability in complex healthcare environments.
Published Version
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