Reduced Sensor-Based PMSM Driven Autonomous Solar Water Pumping System

Abstract

The nonlinear <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V–I</i> characteristic of solar cell, calls for the use of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method in order to obtain optimum power from solar photovoltaic (PV) array. Conventional MPPT methods require one voltage and one current sensor. This paper proposes a novel single sensor-based MPPT technique for a PV array fed water pumping using a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive. As the use of encoders, is not preferred for submersible water pumping, this paper uses a sensorless speed and position estimation for speed control of PMSM. The estimation of rotor speed and position, is achieved through the estimation of stator flux from voltages and currents in stationary reference frame. As the conventional flux estimators suffer from the problems, such as saturation, dc drift, and distortion, this paper proposes a mix multi-resonant structure for flux estimation. A sensorless speed control decreases the cost and improves the reliability of the solar water pumping system. The energy extracted from the PV array, is used to drive the PMSM, which rotates the pump coupled to it. Suitability of the proposed system is demonstrated under varying insolation conditions through a prototype developed in the laboratory and utilizing a digital signal processor (dSPACE-1202) for controlling the SWP system.