Reduced one-body density matrix of Tonks–Girardeau gas at finite temperature**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11004007) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China.

Abstract

With thermal Bose–Fermi mapping method, we investigate the Tonks–Girardeau gas at finite temperature. It is shown that at low temperature, the Tonks gas displays the Fermi-like density profiles, and with the increase in temperature, the Tonks gas distributes in wider region. The reduced one-body density matrix is diagonal dominant in the whole temperature region, and the off-diagonal elements shall vanish rapidly with the deviation from the diagonal part at high temperature.