Abstract
Reduced height genes are the genetic basis of the “green revolution”. Two agronomically important gibberellic acid (GA)-insensitive genes, Rht-B1b (Rht1) and Rht-D1b (Rht2), localised on chromosomes 4BS and 4DS, respectively, and the GA-responsive gene Rht8, localised on chromosome 2DS, were introduced into many cultivars worldwide. An alternative GA-insensitive gene Rht-B1e (=Rht11) was introduced into Russian wheat cultivars. In this study, we investigated the importance of Rht-B1b, Rht-B1e, Rht-D1b and Rht8 in south Russian bread wheat cultivars. The cultivars were divided into five groups: (1) Rht8c; (2) Rht-B1b; (3) Rht-B1b, Rht8; (4) Rht-B1e, Rht8; and (5) Rht-D1b, Rht8. In the Krasnodar region of south Russia 3,222,321 ha were evaluated for estimating the commercial value of each of these genes in 2009–2011. The results showed that coupling Rht-B1e with Rht8 or Rht-B1b with Rht8 was more successful compared with the effects of other genes or their combinations. The average yield of cultivars carrying Rht-B1e exceeded the average yield of cultivars from the other groups. Our study demonstrates that Rht-B1e can be recommended for use in breeding programs and the presence of a molecular marker for this allele simplifies its transfer to elite wheat germplasm.
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