Redox Homeostasis and Metabolic Profile in Young Female Basketball Players during in-Season Training

Rosamaria Militello,Matteo Parri,Riccardo Marzocchini,Alessandra Modesti,Pietro Amedeo Modesti,Riccardo Soldaini,Simone Luti

doi:10.3390/healthcare9040368

Rosamaria Militello, Matteo Parri + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9040368

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Journal: Healthcare	Publication Date: Mar 25, 2021
Citations: 6	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Florence

Abstract

Background: Most studies on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant levels have been conducted in male athletes, although female participation in sport has increased rapidly in the past few decades. In particular, it could be important to assess oxidative stress markers in relation to the training load because the anaerobic path becomes predominant in high-intensity actions. Methods: Ten female professional basketball players, performing five 2 h-lasting training sessions per week, and 10 sedentary control women were investigated. Capillary blood and saliva samples were collected in the morning before the training session. The antioxidant capacity and the levels of reactive oxygen metabolites on plasma were determined measuring Reactive Oxygen Metabolite and Biological Antioxidant Potential (d-ROMs and the BAP Test). Salivary cortisol was detected by using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: The antioxidant capacity (BAP value) was significantly higher in elite basketball players (21.2%; p < 0.05). Conversely, cortisol (51%; p < 0.009) and the levels of oxidative species (d-ROM, 21.9%; p < 0.05) showed a significant decrease in elite athletes.

Highlights

Accepted: 22 March 2021In elite athletes, there is large disparity among different training protocols and the effects on oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines are still not well known
We found a reduction of cortisol in saliva of athletes in comparison to control women, and this is in line with the results obtained by Casanova, who reports that salivary level of cortisol decreases after a match in female football players, suggesting that high-level athletes are well-adapted to competition stress because they train regularly [26]
The metabolomic analysis performed in our study showed the involvement of butyrate metabolism that describes the metabolic fate of a number of short-chain fatty acids involved in the production of ketone bodies, of short-chain lipids or as precursors to the citrate cycle, glycolysis or glutamate synthesis, playing a role in glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism

Summary

Introduction

Accepted: 22 March 2021In elite athletes, there is large disparity among different training protocols and the effects on oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines are still not well known. Understanding the alterations of redox homeostasis in well-trained athletes will help to clarify the complex mechanism of adaptation to acute exercise and chronic training and to use redox signals as possible markers of training stress [2]. The exact regulatory roles of redox signals will help to understand mechanisms to improve exercise performance and prevent overreaching/overtraining, a phenomenon in which there is an increase in pro-inflammatory markers and a decrease in sport performance [2]. Most studies on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant levels have been conducted in male athletes, female participation in sport has increased rapidly in the past few decades. It could be important to assess oxidative stress markers in relation to the training load because the anaerobic path becomes predominant in high-intensity actions

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