Recycling of Wastes Plastics and Tires from Automotive Industry.

Iveta Čabalová,Tatiana Bubeníková,Aleš Ház,Tomáš Kuvik,Ján Melicherčík,Jozef Krilek

doi:10.3390/polym13132210

Iveta Čabalová, Tatiana Bubeníková + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13132210

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Abstract

Waste tires (granulate) and selected plastics from the automotive industry were evaluated by using the tertiary (pyrolysis) and quaternary (calorimetry) recovering. Pyrolysis is proving to be an environmentally friendly alternative to incineration and inefficient landfilling. Currently, the main challenges for pyrolysis of plastic waste are unavailability and inconsistent quality of feedstock, inefficient and hence costly sorting, and last but not least insufficient regulations around plastic waste management. Waste plastics and tire materials were characterized by TG/DTG analysis, Py-GC/MS analysis and calorimetry. TG analysis of the investigated materials gives the typical decomposition curves of synthetic polymers. The tested samples had the highest rate of weight loss process in the temperature range from 375 °C to 480 °C. Analytical pyrolysis of the tested polymers provided information on a wide variety of organic compounds that were released upon thermal loading of these materials without access to oxygen. Analytical pyrolysis offers valuable information on the spectrum of degradation products and their potential uses. Based on the results of calorimetry, it can be stated that the determined calorific value of selected plastic and rubber materials was ranging from 26.261 to 45.245 MJ/kg depending on the ash content and its composition.

Highlights

The world average annual production of cars and commercial vehicles is about 85– 95,000,000 million
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) waste is used for sewer pipes, extruded profiles and boards production; mixed waste of PVC and polyolefin is processed for pallets and parts of floors of industrial companies [4]; and PU waste as an additive to mixtures of thermoplastic polyurethanes for increasing dimensional stability and abrasion resistance [4,5]
The changes that occurred in polymeric materials with a gradual increase of the load temperature can be monitored by thermogravimetric analysis

Summary

Introduction

The world average annual production of cars and commercial vehicles is about 85– 95,000,000 million. The average weight of the car is approximately 1.2 tons, which presents 102.5 million tons of refined processed material. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyurethane (PU) are mass-produced synthetic plastics and are used in the automotive industry. Their properties depend on both the production and the method of processing. PVC waste is used for sewer pipes, extruded profiles and boards production; mixed waste of PVC and polyolefin is processed for pallets and parts of floors of industrial companies [4]; and PU waste as an additive to mixtures of thermoplastic polyurethanes for increasing dimensional stability and abrasion resistance [4,5]

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