Recyclable high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator enabled by dynamic covalently crosslinked polymers

Abstract

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), being at the forefront of energy harvesting technologies, possess the ability to convert ambient energy sources into electrical power. However, the low energy density and non-recyclability of the tribolayers severely hinder its further application. To address this crucial issue, we propose an innovative approach by incorporating imine linkages into fluorine-containing polymers, creating a high-performance TENG with recyclability. The integration of imine linkages not only enhances the electrical output of TENG devices but also ensures their long-term sustainability as an energy solution. Notably, TENG devices utilizing this recyclable material demonstrate remarkable contact electrification performance, achieving a short-circuit current of up to 29.5 μA and an output voltage of up to 964 V. Furthermore, the efficient degradation and re-generation of the recyclable material facilitate a remarkable recovery of over 80% in the output of the refabricated TENG. To improve the energy utilization efficiency of the TENG, a power management circuit (PMC) based on a DC-DC buck converter is integrated to regulate the TENG without requiring an additional power supply. These findings offer crucial insights for advancing high-performance, recyclable TENG devices, which play a pivotal role in the development of sustainable energy harvesting technologies.