Abstract

Recommendations for the management of rectal cancer have been incredibly dynamic over the last several decades and accurate staging is required to make informed decisions and guide patient discussions. A complete staging evaluation should include a physical examination, complete colonoscopy, serum carcinoembryonic antigen level, and imaging to include a CT chest, MRI of the pelvis, and either a CT or MRI of the abdomen. Assessment of the circumferential resection margin with a rectal cancer protocol MRI is the cornerstone of this staging workup. Accurate staging is of paramount importance when considering treatment options for this complex disease.

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